According to the new forecast, the sun should remain generally calm for at least another year. The solar cycle is now in a deep valley -- the deepest of the past century. In 2008 and 2009, the sun set Space Age records for low sunspot counts, weak solar wind, and low solar irradiance. The sun has gone more than two years without a significant solar flare.

The panel predicts that Solar Cycle 24 will peak in four years on May 2013 with a sunspot number of 90, the lowest of any cycle since 1928 when Solar Cycle 16 peaked at 78.

Meanwhile, the sun pays little heed to human committees. There could be more surprises, panelists acknowledge, and more revisions to the forecast. "Go ahead and mark your calendar for May 2013," says Dean Pesnell of the Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA's lead representative on the panel, "But use a pencil..."

In recent months the sun has begun to show timid signs of life. Small sunspots and "proto-sunspots" are popping up with increasing frequency. Enormous currents of plasma on the sun’s surface ("zonal flows") are gaining strength and slowly drifting toward the sun’s equator. Radio astronomers have detected a tiny but significant uptick in solar radio emissions. All these things are precursors of an awakening Solar Cycle 24 and form the basis for the panel's new, almost unanimous forecast.

In recent months, however, Pesnell said that the Sun has begun to show
some small signs of life: Small sunspots and "proto-sunspots" are
popping up with increasing frequency. Enormous currents of plasma on the
Sun's surface are gaining strength and slowly drifting toward its
equator. Radio astronomers have detected a tiny but significant uptick
in solar radio emissions. All these things are precursors of an
awakening Solar Cycle 24 and form the basis for the panel's new, almost
unanimous forecast.